SUMMARY: Eggshell is often found on archaeological sites, yet is rarely identified. The potential information which could be gained from analysis is outlined, covering questions of economy, e.g. diet, and ecology, such as the distribution of breeding grounds. A methodology for the identification of eggshell using a combination of structural characteristics is given, the basis of which is the comparision of the archaeological material with a modern reference data and photographic collection. A seven step process is outlined, referring to both macro- and microscopic analysis. A brief introduction to previous application of the technique is presented and some of the results which have so far beeb obtained. This study highlights the questions which may be studied following identification of eggshell, and presents a methodology for carrying out the identifications.