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Foreign
Policy
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Egypt plays
a leading role in the regional affairs of the Middle East. Since the signature
of the Camp David peace treaty between Israel and Egypt in 1979, Egypt
became a leading supporter of the Arab-Israeli peace process. During the
cold war, the Egyptian Foreign Policy was characterised by two significant
periods. The first period under the leadership of General Nasser ended
in 1970 and was characterised by the reliance upon the Soviet Union. Nasser's
successor, Anwar Al-Sadat changed this foreign policy direction by expelling
the Soviet military presence, declared an "Open Door" policy for foreign
investment, signed the Camp David peace treaty, and drew closer to the
Western bloc, especially to the USA.
After the
murder of president Sadat, Hosni Mubarak became the new Egyptian president
and the relations to the West further improved, particularlly after the
1991 Gulf War and the decline of the Soviet Union.
Egypy also
recognises the importance of its geographicalll natural partnership with
Europe. In 1995 it signed the Barcelona Declaration for a Euro-Mediterranean
Partnership.
In 1991, Egypt
achieved an agreement with the IMF and led to forgiveness of almost US-$
14 billion of debt to the USA, and other countries. Additionally, it caused
a rescheduling of Egypt's debt to the "Paris Club" of Western creditors,
anounting to the US-$10 billion over period of three years.
The foreign
policy of Cairo takes into consideration many mayor global concerns, such
as, disarment, accessibility of global markets, and human rights. Egypt
maintain a serie of closer relations to European countries, the Gulf states
and the Middle East, the African nations and other developing countries.
Due to this close relations, Egypt is enabled to act as an intermediary
in the region when disputes have arisen.
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Membership
in Inernational Organisations
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ABEDA, ACC,
ACCT (associated), AfDB, AFESD, AG (observer), AL, AMF, BSCE (observer),
CAEU, CCC, EBRD, ECA, ESCWA, FAO, G-15, G-19, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO,
ICC, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat,
Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, NAM, OAPEC, OAS (observer), OAU,
OIC, OSCE (partner), PCA, UN, UNAVEM III, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNITAR,
UNMIBH, UNMOP, UNOMIG, UNOMIL, UNPREDEP, UNRWA, UNTAES, UPU, WFTU, WHO,
WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
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Geographical Data
