Since 2004, when graphene was isolated for the first time, experimental groups from all over the world have intensively work to demonstrate the existence of the extraordinary properties anticipated for this purely two-dimensional material. As a result of these efforts, a very high level of understanding of the inherent properties of graphene has now been reached. This high degree of control means that we are now in a position to go one-step further and try to add and take advantage of some of the few properties not naturally found in graphene, such as the existence of magnetic moments, gaps in the band structure or superconducting properties.
In this talk I will show how we incorporate those properties to graphene, and how we control them at the nanoscale by using STM as main experimental tool. More specifically, we use quantum confinement to selectively introduce gaps in graphene’s electronic band structure [1], atomic H as building blocks to incorporate magnetic moments [2] and Pb islands to induce superconductivity by the proximity effect [3]. In addition, I will show how we use quasiparticle interference patterns to probe graphene topological properties [4].
[1] E. Cortés-del Río, P. Mallet, H. González-Herrero, JL.Lado, J. Fernández-Rossier, JM Gómez-Rodríguez, JY Veuillen, I Brihuega, Advance Materials, 32, 2001119 (2020)
[2] H. González-Herrero, JM Gómez-Rodríguez, P. Mallet, M. Moaied, JJ Palacios, C Salgado, MM Ugeda, JY. Veuillen, F Ynduráin and I Brihuega, Science 352, 437 (2016)
[3] E. Cortés-del Río, JL Lado, V Cherkez, P Mallet, JY Veuillen, JC Cuevas, JM Gómez-Rodríguez, J Fernández-Rossier, I Brihuega, Advanced Materials, 33, 2008113 (2021)
[4] C. Dutreix, H. González-Herrero, I. Brihuega, M I. Katsnelson, C. Chapelier & VT. Renard. Nature, 574, 219 (2019)
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